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Hi, everyone and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】. Hi 安澜.
Hi, lulu, hi everyone.
So What are we gonna talk about today?
Today I thought I would choose a topic that you would be interested in.
What is that.
Shopping in London.
How dare you, are you gender stereotype me? You think because I'm a girl so I love shopping?
No, I think you love shopping because I've seen the amount of random rubbish you buy on Taobao.
Touche, fair enough. Ok, let's talk about shopping in London. 我们来说说伦敦购物. Exciting topic, there's so many places to shop in London.
Absolutely. And Today we're going to be talking about some of the unique shops in London. But first of all, I think it's important that we get the areas right.
So the first area we're gonna talk about is Oxford street and Regent street.
Oxford street就是牛津街. Regent street是摄政街. Regent street I'm quite familiar with. Oxford street honestly, I obviously know I've been there, but I don't usually go shopping there.
No. Oxford street is the busiest street in Europe and it was the center of the shopping area in London.
Has it always been like a shopping area in history?
No, originally it was the road to the public execution grounds.
Okay, public execution就是公开处死刑的那个地方, 就相当于一个刑场了. That was the road to the public execution grounds. Absolutely.
Back in the days people went there to just watch it almost like a show.
And I think basically what happened was then a lot of shops started to open up along the way because public executions always draw a crowd.
Yeah, like I said it's almost like a performance. So these shops opened started selling snacks I guess while people are waiting between the executions.
And  then they started selling clothes and the rest is history.
It's a bit morbid. Yeah, I wouldn't go to any secondhand clothes shop on Oxford street then.
Well, you won't find any secondhand.
No, that's right.
Because the whole secondhand就像什么二手店那种古着店都是在另外一个地方一个区域. Oxford street, it's filled with like big brands and also fast fashion that sort of thing .
Pretty much. So I would say that most of the high street brands they have their main shop on Oxford street.

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In today's Buzzword Mix, our Buzzword is Rage Cleaning.
Rage means anger. 这个并没有一个很好的翻译, 所以咱们暂且把它翻译成‘愤怒清洁’或者‘愤怒清扫’.
So what does it mean?
First of all, let me ask you a question. Nowadays, our lives are filled with stressful situations. I'm sure everyone has had that moment of feeling extremely stressed and you have so much anger inside you.
You just need to let it out.
Some of us might go for a 5-mile run. Some might indulge in alcohol or start smashing things about.
But then there's a group of people who would let out their anger by deep cleaning their house. For instance, a long stressed out day at work leads you to break out the carpet cleaner or a rough day with your kids has you scrubbing the dishes with fury?
我们现在的生活是充满各种各样的压力, 很多时候我们心里憋着一股气, 这股气到底撒在哪儿? 有的人可能会运动, 有的人可能会暴饮暴食, 或者会砸东西. 但是也有这样的一群人, 他们对抗压力的方式就是 rage cleaning, or angry cleaning.
Basically this is the act of tackling a cleaning project with the express purpose of releasing pent-up emotion.
具体来说就是通过大扫除来release pent-up emotion or pent-up anger来发泄这种压抑在心里的情绪, 特别是怒气.
It sounds like a joke, right? You probably would say who would clean when they're angry, but rage cleaning is real.
According to psychology experts, it's a natural reaction that many people experience and is actually kind of healthy, because pushing yourself physically forces you to expel that pent-up energy while focusing on a task instead of dwelling on negative thoughts.
为什么心理学家会认为这种rage cleaning其实是一种还蛮健康的应对压力或者应对愤怒的一个机制, 主要是 pushing yourself physically, 耗尽你的体力去做大扫除的时候, 你就没有时间一直在那dwell on negative thoughts, 一直在那内耗, 一直在那琢磨那些负面的想法, 这可以帮你把心中的一些不满、怒气还有焦虑都发泄出去.
It also puts you in a position of control. 同时也能让你重新找到掌控权.
Often times anger or stress springs from situations in which we feel helpless.
其实很多时候我们生活中的一些焦虑, 包括愤怒都来源于我们的无助感.
For example, you can't shout back at your irresponsible boss or track down the thief who stole your credit card. But what you can do is power through a cleaning project, get it done and experience the satisfaction of having one less chore to do.
比如你工作中的秃头老板, 或者你生活中遇到的种种不满, 你都没有办法真正去掌控, 但是你们家的卫生你是可以掌控的.
Clinical psychologists say that people who rage clean are just taking control of what they can. “When we feel disarray in our mental or emotional world, the easiest or most concrete way to counter that is to make our physical world tidy and neat, the way we want our mental world to be. It’s a very natural reaction.”
临床心理学家就认为这是一种再正常不过的反应. 当我们的情感或者说是心理世界出现了各种各样的问题, 特别是当我们感觉我们的心理和情感世界乱七八糟的时候, 千头万绪, 这个时候我们掌控不了自己的心理和情感世界, 我们起码可以让自己的physical world, 也就是我们实际的身边的世界, 具象的世界, 身边的环境能够变得更加tidy and neat能够整洁美观.
这其实是我们希望能够理清自己思绪, 搞清楚自己精神世界的一种外向化的表现.
You have such an intense sensation that feels like it needs to be released and you don't want to do it on a person. But you can do it on an object.
特别是我们心里有这种压下来的邪火, 或者那种很强烈的负面的情感的时候, 我们又不想把这种情绪发泄给身边的我们在乎的家人、爱人. 因此有些人就会选择把这些情绪发泄到物件上, 比如说家务事上.
Cleaning is actually a great way to channel that because it is focused. You can take that negative energy and displace it onto something inanimate.
It also allows you to take a break from whatever it is that triggered you. Now when you come back to whatever triggered you, you can come back to it more grounded and use more parts of yourself to tackle that issue.
比如工作上或者情感上遇到一个特别大的烦心事儿, 这个时候你越想越生气, 越想越窝火, 这个时候索性不去想了, 来一次彻头彻尾的大扫除, 等你耗尽了自己的体力, 再回到困扰你的这些问题的时候, 你的脑子会更清醒, 也能做出更加理智的判断.
Taking a negative emotion and turning it into something else is actually a psychological coping mechanism.
其实心理学上还有一个专门的说法, there is a psychoanalytic term that applies to this kind of coping mechanism called sublimation, 叫sublimation, 升华.

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 Hi, everyone. And welcome back to your favorite segment Sound of Musicals. 欢迎回来【曲外之音】. Hi, Oliver.
Hello again.
So, we're gonna continue with our talk about Mary Poppins, the quintessential English nanny.
Of course, very British.
So, we've already walked you through the storyline. It's pretty simple, it's defensible, fantastical nanny dropped out of the sky, and then just changed the whole household and mate, I think gave the mom and dad some wake-up call, like what is most important thing in life.
Yeah, definitely the kids are kind of they've got absent parents, and they don't like the nannies that they keep being given, because they're too strict; or they don't get there the attention from the parents that they want, but Mary Poppins comes in and just changes everything.
I like the words you use, they're not bad parents, they're not abusive or anything. They're just absent.
Yeah, they care about their children, because they're taking the time to find a good nanny who will raise them correctly. Mr. Banks takes the children to the bank to show where he works. They focus on the wrong things, certainly, at the beginning of the movie.
One thing I have noticed since you're talking about Mr. Banks, because apart from Mary Poppins, obviously, and Mary Poppins’ friend all being very colorful, but Mr. Banks seems to be this really grey dud in the film, in the whole storyline, very isolated.
He does seem that way, yes. Mary Poppins and the children are sort of one side of it. His wife is part of the suffragette movement on the other.
And then there's Mr. Banks in the middle at the bank. So. Yeah.
And I think it's almost like he's hypnotized or brainwashed himself to feel like “look, bank is everything, this bank job is everything. And through discipline and efficiency, we somehow would find salvation and I have to run my family like the bank with discipline and efficiency.”
Yeah, that's why he keeps hiring these strict nannies who don't really understand what the children need. Mr. Banks is just trying to run everything properly for the most efficient outcome.
In a way, although children seem to be in the center stage like they seem to be the one who needed looking after, but Mary Poppins was not just inspiring the kids but also inspiring Mr. Banks.
Yeah, definitely. When Mr. Banks loses his job at the end of the movie or musical, and he takes the time to fly a kite with his children, and realizes what is important in his life. Only then does Mary Poppins decide it's time to leave. So the kids have been happy through the whole movie, but Mr. Banks when he gets happy, that's when she goes. Okay, now I’ve got it. Father, children, everyone's together, time to go.
Yeah, you mentioned happy, right? So I think underneath all of these song and dance, these magical scenarios, there is a deeper topic about what true happiness is. And are we losing sight of what is really important on our way to pursue so called happiness？
For example, when we are trying to chase after money, material gains, promotion, are we losing sight of what is truly important？
Yeah, certainly. Mr. Banks and the other people in the bank, when Mary Poppins... when Mr. Banks takes his children to the bank to see where he works. There's a whole song about Michael has a little bit of money. There's a whole song about give us your money. We'll look after it, everything will be great, you'll be happy.
And Michael's like no, I want my money. I don't want to put it in a bank. I want it. So, it's kind of showing the alternate happiness in a way, the difference between the childish happiness of I’ve got a little bit of money now which is fantastic. I can do something. To adult happiness of put it in a bank and watch numbers go higher, but don't use it.
But that is not even...you said adult happiness, but that's not even real happiness. That's probably just as you're growing up, you've been sort of brainwashed

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 Hi, everyone. And welcome back to your favorite segment Sound of Musicals. 欢迎回来, 你们最喜欢的【曲外之音】. Hi, Oliver.
Hello again.
So last time we talked about The Sound of Music, 【音乐之声】. And today can I also propose another also feel-good happy musical?
That sounds good to me. Yeah.
So you remember in The Sound of Music, we talked about the main character Maria was a governess是一个家庭教师, but you know you said governess is kind of like a tutor and a nanny.
But if I say to you the quintessential English nanny, who do you think of?
I think we might be talking about Mary Poppins.
Yes. Mary Poppins.
Yes.
Now Mary Poppins, this character is so well known and so popular. I think sometimes it also is used almost as a synonym as something British, when Americans make jokes and is like “you're such a Mary Poppins.” It's like you're so English.
I've never heard that one before, but definitely Mary Poppins is very well known for kind of the British nurse and the English nurse of the time.
And in this, I think it's again, it is a musical, but it's also a musical film. And in this one, unlike The Sound of Music where the musical was first and then the musical film, Mary Poppins is actually musical film first. And then much much later they made a musical like on stage musical.
Ah. Did they? I didn't know that.
Yeah. The musical film, I think most people probably just remember the Disney version of the musical film made in 1964. But the West End production of the actual Mary Poppins musical was not until 2004.
Wow, so much later.
Yeah. It's again, based on a book, based on a series of books, and you know, these two, there's something in common between Mary Poppins and The Sound of Music.
Is there?
Think about the main character, the main star of the film.
Oh yes. It's Julie Andrews. She plays Maria and Mary Poppins.
Yes.
Oh. Yeah.
So basically she won an Oscar for one of them and she won Golden Globe for the other.
She won all the awards. Haha.
Yeah. For these two Julie Andrews is amazing, like amazing musical actress. This actress, in general, she sings, she has such a beautiful voice.
She does definitely. I talked us through The Sound of Music last time. Would you like to talk us through Mary Poppins now?
Sure. And actually, before we get into the storyline, which is not complex at all, do you know that Mary Poppins, the translation, the translated name in Chinese, it has nothing to do with Mary Poppins. It's actually called欢乐满人间, which is a direct translation of like the world is filled with joy and laughter.
I like that name. That's a very good title, hahaha. What a great translation.
It's got joy and laughter in the title.
Yeah.
Ok. So the reason why in a lot of the American film or movie reference, this is seen as quintessentially English is because this film the story is set in London in 1910. So there's this family, Banks, Mr. and Mrs. Banks. So Mr. Banks actually works in a bank in finance a bit on the nose.
Yeah, very much.
Yeah. And like this Sound of Music, von Trapp, Mr. Banks is also very much, I would say, without any joy, very much hapless, very much focused on discipline, and it's basically a workaholic. And so Mr. And Mrs. Banks they come home to discover that their children's nanny has quit once again after the children Michael and Jane run away to find their missing kite.
They have two kids, not seven. But these two kids, they're also not really unruly, but they just didn't really like the fact that they didn't really like these old timey, traditional nannies who are just all about discipline and no fun.
So basically now Mr. Banks needed to find another nanny. While Mr. Banks wants a strict, no nonsense nanny, who can just basically teaches the kids discipline controls the kid. The children ask for like a kind sympathetic nice nanny.

Buzzmix-Ep146-Tradwife

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Hi everyone, and welcome back to Buzzword Mix.

In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Tradwife. Trad, t-r-a-d, which stands for traditional. 我会把它翻译成 “传统娇妻”.

如果你关注海外的社交媒体, 可能会在比如像TikTok这样的社媒上面看到了这样的一个越来越火的话题标签 #tradwife, the shares and videos with this #tradwife often show a curated look at women embracing domesticity.

与社媒上很多大女主独立女性的标签正好相反, 这些tradwife的标签通常展现的都是一些女性, 特别是年轻女性去embrace domesticity, domestic life, 展现出来这些女性自愿地回归到家庭, 去拥抱家庭生活; 不管是在她们的穿着打扮, 她们的理念以及她们传达的信息, 都在显示她们自愿, 并且非常享受这种traditional wife或traditional housewife的生活方式.

So a tradwife in recent western culture typically depicts a woman who believes in and practices traditional sex roles and marriages.

所以在现在的西方社会里面, 一个tradwife是被定义成拥护并且践行比较传统父权制度之下的这样的性别角色以及婚姻形态.

To put it in simpler terms, tradwife lifestyle is usually married in a straight relationship. 通常这样的tradwife, 他们的生活方式都是在一个异性恋的婚姻里面已婚的状态.

The man works, the wife does not, 男人在外面挣钱, 女人在家里照顾家庭没有工作.

The man is the head of the household and the final word on all things, financial, lifestyle and professional for the family.

男人是绝对的一家之主, 并且对于像家庭经济生活方式等等方面都有绝对的话语权.

Kids are a part of the plan if not already in the family. 绝对不会是丁克, 即使现在没孩子, 在将来也一定会有要孩子的计划.

So basically being a tradwife, you assume the traditional housewife or stay-at-home mother role and you do all of the household chores like cooking, cleaning, laundry, so on and so forth. Additionally, special attention is paid to the importance of raising children.

其实就是传统居家的这种家庭主妇, 全职太太, 甚至在英文里, 即使不是stay-at-home mom, 全职太太, 全职妈妈, 还有一个词叫做stay-at-home girlfriend, 全职女友, 也经常会跟tradwife一起被提及.

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Hi, everyone and welcome back to 酒馆. Hi安澜.
Hi, Lulu. Hi, everyone.
And also, the NHS workers they don't really get paid that well. I get the sense that, you know, even Adam does not really get paid that well let alone the more junior doctor like Shruti.
No. this is the whole ridiculous thing is that junior doctors sometimes they are actually paid more if they worked in a fast-food restaurant than as a doctor, but now I wouldn't say it's getting better.
But in recent years there have been so many strikes, even consultants have gone on strike. I read in the news today that I think they've made a pay deal now, but ultimately, this is the one strike that people generally support, because I would say in the UK among the vast majority of the population, we have a lot of respect for NHS workers. We may complain about the system. We may complain about the politicians. But we don't really complain that much about the doctors or nurses.
我从跟英国人的交谈里面, 我也感受得很明显, 大家只要谈到 NHS他们公立医疗体系里面的医护人员, 大家都会觉得非常尊重.
During Covid times, there was like clapping for NHS workers, right？
Yeah.
就是说为他们鼓掌, 还有给他们带什么吃的放的什么他们的车上这种,觉得他们都是这个英雄白衣天使, but they generally have a lot of things to complain about the system.
Yeah.
Although probably you guys all know that currently there's no better alternative.
No one would ever say, let's get rid of the NHS, nobody would actually turn out and say “okay, we need to go back to medical care that you have to pay money for.”
Well, exactly. Because to be honest to get rid of your NHS is getting rid of the concept of welfare state essentially.
Yeah.
就是整个福利国家的,你就全部都会要取消掉.
Yeah.
I don't know if you guys remember that what we talked about. So in the UK this is what happens. There's basically dual track. So you have the NHS which is for everyone which is free for everyone, even for people who, for example, even when I lived in the UK although I did not have permanent residency, I was not a citizen, a national. However, because I lived there for long enough period, I also had access to NHS.
Yeah.
So that is one.
The other one is the private health care, is the private hospitals who charges you ￡200 for 115 minutes consultation.
Quite a few people have private medical care in the UK, you can get private medical insurance and some NHS doctors they do also work in the private sphere so that they can basically get more money.
This is completely normal, right? And it's allowed?
It’s allowed and it is completely normal. So some people they do go for private medical care, but private medical care can only go so far.
So for example, for very complex procedures, you still more likely go to the NHS.

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Hi, everyone and welcome back to 酒馆. Hi安澜.
Hi, Lulu. Hi, everyone.
You noticed that I didn't say welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope?
Yeah. I did notice that, it was a bit strange.
Because today we are actually going to do TV picks.
Oh. Goody.
Yeah. Just wait for it. It's not a fun TV.
Oh.
Yeah, in fact, it's a really, really, really depressing TV show.
What is it about you and choosing really depressing TV shows for us to talk about?
Well. It is a British TV show.
Okay.
Most of your TV shows can get really depressing.
所以今天是一个特别的【荐剧板块】, 我相信, 这个英剧安澜也看过, 因为我原来跟他讨论过。And the name of this TV show this TV series is “This is Going to Hurt”.
Yes, I have seen that before. So it is a comedy, but it's also a tragedy, and it's also a drama as well.
嗯嗯, 这个中文译名叫做《疼痛难免》。其实我在星期四星期五直播间,就是【看剧解梗】这个环节分享过一集, although it's a really depressing TV show, but I think it's a really good one and the stories behind it and then the issues that it talks about, I thought it's worth a couple of episodes for us to talk about.
Yeah, absolutely.
So in our previous episodes, we have talked a bit about the NHS, but we haven't really talked about the NHS now, like some of the pressures that doctors go through. And this is essentially the main theme of this TV show.
So previously we gave you guys an introduction like a brief introduction of the British medical system, health care system called NHS.英国的一个医疗体系叫National Health Services or Service？
Service.
Service.
就是大家都听过英国的公费医疗就是全民免费医疗,对吧？It sounds like dream come true, sounds great on paper. It sounds great in theory.
But in fact, there are so many problems. There are so many challenges as you can imagine.
Yes. So I won't go too much into the NHS, because we have discussed it before, but it's important to note that the NHS was founded on the principle that healthcare is free. And you can see a doctor, you can get medical treatment quickly, efficiently, and most importantly, completely free of charge.
Just remind me again, it is completely free.
In the UK, it is more or less completely free, prescriptions you need to pay, I think it's around ￡7, but it could have been increased.
Like a nominal charge.

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It's very difficult for me to imagine even though that I’ve lived in the UK and talked to many British people but still, because for me I come from a completely different background, I would have to say, sometimes in China you hear these debate, we're not like an immigration country or immigrant country, but still with when there are more people pouring in from other countries, but I know it's a sensitive topic, but you do hear people say like voicing their concerns about what this will do to, for example, your own belief system, your values, your culture, I know in China they are really nominal number, minimal realistic numbers, but there's still that concern. I'm just wondering if British people are ever concerned about not losing something that's intrinsically British or English.
I would say, yes, there is that concern, particularly if some people feel that the value system or the beliefs of immigrants clashes with what we consider as British values. But the problem is that we can't really define what so called British values actually are. If you ask me as a British person what would be considered British, I wouldn't be able to tell you.
So it's not based on race or ethnicity.
It's not based on race or ethnicity. I would say to a certain extent it's based more on belief and values.
This might be the major difference between China and the UK because for us it’s a lot about blood about ethnicity.
Yeah, in the UK I would say it's a lot less about that, for some people it is, and even though I don't quite understand because what it means to be British is such a fluid concept. It's always changing. I do not think anyone could really define what it is to be British.
Yeah, but you are perhaps very liberal minded in this.
Probably I am.
The other thing that I think of many people even if we put the whole cultural identity, 把这个文化圈认同先放一边, just realistically or pragmatically, I think many voters in the UK they were worried about over stretching or over stretched public services, like health services, housing, etc.
Yeah. Exactly. That was the main concern that immigrants had to overstretch public services and housing. Now to be honest for me, I don't quite agree with that, because housing is a problem in the UK no matter what, it's always been a problem in the UK; and public services, most of our public services rely on immigrants.
That is true, because you just have to take one look at NHS workers, a lot of immigrants.
Yeah. And the thing it's only around 15% of the UK population who are foreign born.
I love the fact that you say only around 15% because for us this is an unthinkable number.
There are some cities in the world where it goes up to about 60%.
Wow. 60%. Then who are the locals, who are the immigrants？
And that's the whole thing. I don't think it really matters because most immigrants work hard, they pay their taxes.
So why can't they live in the UK, why can't they just live their lives? They don't break the law, they just live their lives as honest citizens.
Yeah. I mean I have to admit although I consider myself quite liberal minded, but when it comes to immigration I do have my own Like concerns about, for example, if you think in the future, the whole trend is going to be we're all blended together, but then we will have to rethink about our cultural identity. What defines us? Would there still be the idea of cultural identity?
To be honest that I don't quite agree with that because ultimately, humans will always try to seek some form of cultural identity. It's just the cultural identity, the values, the belief, what is considered the culture changes.
All right. So far we've actually had a lot of talks, debates, but now let's look at the pragmatics. So now how easy it is to immigrate to the UK just out of curiosity .
From this Spring, the government have made it harder. Immigrants will have to earn￡37,800 to get a skilled visitor visa.

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In today's Buzzword Mix, our Buzzword is Pink Tax.
The phrase itself is very easy to understand. Pink is a color and tax is, well t-a-x. But there is a lot to be said about this concept. So let's dive into it.
First of all, let's look at the definition. What is Pink Tax?
首先我们来看看什么是所谓的粉红税.
Pink tax is a markup on goods and services marketed to women and for which men pay less for similar products and services.
所谓的粉红税指的就是goods and services marketed to women. 营销给女性消费者的这些货品和服务上面的一个markup, a pricing markup or a markup in pricing, simply means higher price.
在讲到价钱的时候, markup就是一个价格加成也就是加价.
For instance, if you buy a cola in a restaurant, it's probably going to be a lot more expensive than in a supermarket. That is because restaurants have a markup on the drinks they serve.
比如说在餐厅里点酒水肯定比在超市买要贵不少, 这就是一个price markup.
So pink tax is a markup on goods and services marketed to women.
所以粉红税它指的就是针对女性营销的产品和服务, 与卖给男性的类似的产品和服务相比较, 会有一个明显的markup, 加价.
This phenomenon is often attributed to gender-based price discrimination.
Gender-based price discrimination也就是基于性别的价格歧视.
The reason why we call it pink tax is not really about stereotyping women. It simply is from the observation that many of the affected products are pink.
而为什么叫它粉红税? 不知道大家有没有注意到, 比如说同样一个品牌同样都是卖洗发水, 卖给男士的, 通常是蓝色的瓶子; 卖给女士的, 通常都是粉红色的瓶子.
This is the word pink tax comes from.
Now in 2015, the issue got a lot of attention when New York City's department of consumer affairs found many instances of gendered pricing when it examined 794 products sold in the city for consumers of all ages.
粉红税这个事情并不是一个特别新的概念, 在2015年纽约的消费者事务部门就通过对市面上794种产品的观察, 发现了有这样的一个概念叫做gendered pricing, 也就是男女有别的定价.
However, researchers have been noticing and analyzing this phenomenon since at least the 1990s.
这个事情再往前倒, 在上世纪90年代末期就已经有人提出来并且观察到了.
Although we call it pink tax, it's not really a tax, it's just a price markup. So when a company sells a pink product, the female version for more than a blue product, the male version, the additional revenue from the pink product does not go to the government as tax.
为什么说它其实不是税, 就是它多收了女性产品跟粉红色产品的这些钱, 并不会作为税收上交.
The only part that benefits from the pink tax are the companies that charge women more than men.
These gender based price disparities are prevalent in several sectors and can be seen in many day to day products. But one of the most visible is personal care products.
这种gender-based price disparities基于性别的价格差异, 在很多的日常产品里都能见到, 但是最明显的是在 personal care products, 也就是个护产品.
These include, for example, soaps, lotions, razor blades, shampoos, and deodorants.
In the United States, one government study analyzed 800 gender specific products from nearly 100 brands. The report found that on average, personal care products marketed to women were 13% more expensive than similar men's products. Accessories and adult clothing were 7% and 8% more expensive respectively.

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Hi, everyone, and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】. Hi, 安澜.
Hi lulu, hi everyone.
安澜, can I propose a topic？
Yeah. Of course.
The other day, some students and I when we were talking about international cities or like cosmopolitan cities, what makes a city truly cosmopolitan, and to me it just feels like it's not so much all the city has many foreigners, but more like when you look at people living in a city, you don't really know who are the foreigners, don't really know who are the locals.
I completely agree. I think if you still look around and say those are foreigners, then it's not really an international city. An international city is a city where people from all across the world will actually make it their home.
Yeah.And London, to some extent, gives me that vibes. So I thought let's talk about immigration,
Very complicated subject.
I know, it's very heavy as well. So maybe let's just start with some light discussions and gradually get into the heavy bits.
 I think it's not gonna take too long to get into the heavy side because if you read British newspapers or if you see the news in the UK, there is so much talk about immigration.
And it’s such a controversial topic, very controversial. 很有争议的那种话题.
安澜听过中文里说哪个国家是移民国家这个说法.
Yeah.
So UK has a very long history of immigration, right？
He does. For example, if you look at our Royal Family, our Royal Family originally comes from Germany.
Oh Yes. There are often historical comedies about that fact.
Exactly
They didn't even speak English.
And the thing is that London in particular has always attracted immigrants, and you can see this in lot the port cities as well, like Liverpool. There's always been immigrants. So the idea of someone being like completely British, I never really quite believe that because you have to think that the UK and particularly England is not very far away from Europe, it’s an island, but the distance between France and England is not that far.
Yeah, I think and also you keep hearing things like a second generation, third generation 第二代, 第三代移民, usually by third generation they just completely become local.
Well even by second generation normally, and sometimes even by first generation. So I think it's important to define exactly when immigration increased dramatically and that was after the World War II.
You know you call those waves like immigration waves. So the wave was after the World War II?
After the war, after the bombing and after obviously black soldiers and lots of people died, there was a need for skilled and unskilled labor to rebuild after the war.
And back then, UK had an Empire and they encouraged people from across what was then the Empire to come to the UK and this included probably one of the most famous incidents of immigration in British history and that was the Windrush.
Windrush, was that the name of a ship?

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Hi, everyone. And welcome back to your favourite segment Sound Of Musicals. 欢迎回来【曲外之音】 . Hi Oliver.
Hello.
So we are going to continue our discussion about The Sound Of Music, 【音乐之声】.
Yes. We're moving on to themes and music today, I believe.
Last time you walked us through the storyline, it's pretty simple, right? But there are many themes that were mentioned or discussed or shown in this musical.
No, I think the main point of the musical is, as we talked about last time, it's kind of a feel good movie with some quite serious background to it. But in the end, it's a few themes which are worth talking about.
 First of all, obviously pretty clear it's family and love.
Definitely so. Yeah .the whole musical is based around this family, the kids and the father are kind of estranged and separated until Maria comes in, wins the kids then wins the captain, everybody falls in love, and then they run away together into the mountains. It's quite a nice theme through the movie.
Yeah. If you think about it, I think Maria, the novice nun, single handedly changed the family dynamics, before it wasn't so much as a family but more like a little army in training, trained by the dad.
It definitely was, yeah he being a naval officer who's recently come back home, I think he doesn't really know how to raise his own children.
Exactly.
He's gone through many many governess and has told the governess says here's the whistle when you need them, blow the whistle this way for child number one, this way for number two, and Maria just refuses to it. I think she says their children, they're not dogs or something like that, and she just says no straight away.
On yes. I remember that bit. It's like when captain von Trapp, I think when they first met, it's like just whistle when... to signal for each kid to come out. And then when I need you, this is the whistle you're gonna hear. And Maria just basically says I... just protested straight away and say, no, I'm not a dog. I'm not gonna answer to whistle. And then he said just follow my lead, follow my order. And then so Maria says, so captain, what is your whistle?
That's it. Yes. And he gets very, very upset by that question.
Yeah, but I mean it's quite common in sort of like military families.  I don't know if it's the same in other cultures but in China definitely .
I feel like I mean I've got no real experience myself, but certainly in movies, TV shows, it does feel like the military father or military mother is always kind of bringing work home in a way and kind of raising their children as they treat the other soldiers they work with.  So yeah. I think this is quite a common thing which the musical has picked up on.
Yeah. And what Maria is bringing tenderness, laughter and just joy into the family.
Yeah. She's breaking through these the restrictions on the rules that captain von Trapp has put in place for an organized and well behaved family and she just has fun with them and lets them have fun and teaches them how to sing as well.